Normal retina exam feathre macula11/12/2023 ![]() 1 Several factors contribute to the degeneration of RPE cells, including oxidative stress and inflammation. The pigmentary changes seen in AMD occur as a result of RPE degeneration or migration. Late AMD shows GA, CNV or disciform scarring ( Case 1). Intermediate stage AMD includes any large drusen, or any macular pigmentary changes associated with medium or large drusen. 1,3 While small drusen may appear simply due to aging and do not necessarily indicate early AMD, medium drusen without pigmentary changes fits the criteria for early AMD. 1,2 They appear yellowish and vary from small (125µm). Similarly, the best way to detect AMD mimickers is to understand the features of AMD itself.ĭrusen, the hallmark of AMD, are small extracellular byproduct deposits that accumulate posterior to the RPE, between the RPE and Bruch’s membrane. The best way to detect a counterfeit dollar bill is not to know all of the possible fraudulent features of a counterfeit, but rather, to know the details of a true dollar bill. Normal retina with relevant structures noted. Here, we will explore how to differentiate AMD from some of the more commonly seen macular dystrophies so we can appropriately diagnose and manage the right disease and provide accurate prognostic information to our patients. 1 Given this variety of clinical presentations, several other diseases look similar to AMD, such as macular dystrophies. 1 While drusen are the trademark finding, AMD may present with any combination of drusen, retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) changes, geographic atrophy (GA) and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Įditorial staff: Jack Persico, Rebecca Hepp, William Kekevian, Michael Riviello and Michael Iannucci all have no relationships to disclose.Ī ge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive disease of the central retina and the leading cause of blindness in the developed world. Check with your local state licensing board to see if this counts toward your CE requirement for relicensure.Īuthors: The author has no relationships to disclose. Goal Statement: Since many maculopathies appear quite similar clinically, this article is designed to educate practitioners about similarities and differences between several types of maculopathies, as well as explain how imaging devices and other tools can be used to differentiate these entities.įaculty/Editorial Board: Sara Weidmayer, ODĬredit Statement: This course is COPE approved for 2 hours of CE credit. Some presentations are different than they appeared at first glance. 28, 2020.AMD Mimickers: When to Suspect Macular Dystrophy Age-related macular degeneration preferred practice pattern - 2019.
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